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IAL Enthalpy change of reaction Notes
Enthalpy change is one of the most important concepts in chemistry. It does not matter what level of chemistry you are learning, your concepts of
IGCSE Organic Chemistry notes
Why this the BEST Organic Chemistry note If you are an IGCSE Chemistry student desperately looking for the perfect organic chemistry notes, then this is
IGCSE Periodic table of elements Notes
The Periodic Table The periodic table which also used to be known as the mendeleev table lists down all the elements which have been discovered till
Organic Chemistry Blogs
IGCSE Physical and Chemical Properties of Hydrocarbons
In this blog, I am going to cover the essential physical and chemical properties of the two most common types of hydrocarbons, Alkane and Alkene.
IGCSE Hydrocarbon Classification, Names & General Formulas
When you start learning about organic chemistry for the very first time, the very first thing you will learn the concepts of hydrocarbons. Like, what
Production of Ethanol From Sugarcane
Ethanol is one of the most important chemicals in the chemical industry, it is used in many important reactions, it is used as bio-fuel, and
Why Major Oil and Gas companies use Cracking to produce Gasoline
Gasoline and Diesel are two of the most important fuels in our daily life. Gasoline or in short called “Gas” is used to run cars,
How Gas and Diesel extracted from Crude Oil
Gas and Diesel are two of the most common parts of our life. Can you imagine a life without them? Probably not! Otherwise would still
IAL Uses of Crude Oil Notes
What is crude oil and how it is formed? Crude oil, also known as petroleum is a viscous brown liquid which is extracted from underground
IGCSE Chemistry Blogs
IGCSE Extraction of Metals From Ores Notes
Importance of Metals Metals are everywhere. Look around you and try to find something which contains no metal at all! Even the latest iPhone and
IGCSE Separating and analysis Notes
In chemistry, we deal with chemicals, when we do a reaction to produce the desired product it may be mixed with other byproducts or impurities.
IGCSE Oxygen gas and its oxides Notes
What is in the air? The air which we inhale and exhale every day is not a pure gas, it is a mixture of several types
IGCSE Factors affecting the rate of reaction Notes
What is Rate of Reaction? The rate of reaction is simply the speed at which a reaction takes place. There are several factors that affect
Preparation of salts and solubility of salts
Whenever you hear the word “salt”, what comes to your mind? Most probably the table salt. The white powder which we add to our food
Giant Chemical structures and intermolecular forces
What is everything is made of? An atom is the most basic building block in the universe, it is the smallest you can get. Everything
IAL Chemistry Blogs
IAL Chemistry: How does a mass spectrometer work (Its Steps and Uses)
The Mass Spectrometer is a device used to identify different elements and compounds in a substance by finding out their molecular mass. It uses the
IAL Chemistry: Concepts of Mole notes
The concept of mole is a very important part of chemistry. Mole makes calculations in chemistry so much easier! But the different concepts of mole
IAL Redox Reactions in Chemistry Notes
In this IAL Chemistry blog, we are going to go through the basic to advanced concepts about REDOX. Concepts such as: what is REDOX, Oxidation,
What is covalent bonding and how it is formed
What is Covalent Bonding? Covalent bonding is a type of bonding formed only between non-metal elements with some exceptions. This bonding is formed by sharing
IAL Uses of Crude Oil Notes
What is crude oil and how it is formed? Crude oil, also known as petroleum is a viscous brown liquid which is extracted from underground
IAL Addition Polymers Notes
The polymer is a long chain molecule which is formed by joining many small molecules called monomers. Addition polymers are a type of polymer in